{"id":7946,"date":"2023-11-02T21:58:25","date_gmt":"2023-11-02T13:58:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/?p=7946"},"modified":"2023-12-13T20:55:07","modified_gmt":"2023-12-13T12:55:07","slug":"ebpf-%e5%88%9d%e6%8e%a2crazy-stuff","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/?p=7946","title":{"rendered":"eBPF\u2014\u521d\u63a2Linux\u5185\u6838\u6269\u5c55"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>eBPF\uff08extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13 Linux \u793e\u533a\u7684\u65b0\u5ba0\uff0cGoole\u3001Facebook\u3001Twitter\u7b49\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u5f00\u59cb\u6295\u8eab\u4e8e eBPF \u6280\u672f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>eBPF\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u9b45\u529b\u8ba9\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5173\u6ce8\u5b83\u5462\uff1f\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8981\u5411\u5185\u6838\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u8005\u7f16\u5199\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u800ceBPF\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u6dfb\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6269\u5c55\u5185\u6838\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u5185\u6838\u6267\u884c\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u5148\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u5230eBPF\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u5199\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>\u4e00\u3001\u6982\u8ff0<\/h1>\n<h4>1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fBPF<\/h4>\n<p>BPF\uff08Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u6784\u60f3\u63d0\u51fa\u4e8e 1992 \u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u907f\u514d\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u590d\u5236\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>BPF \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u652f\u6301 JIT(Just-In-Time)\uff0c\u6bd4\u57fa\u4e8e\u6808\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u9ad8\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u8f7d\u5165\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5185\u6838\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b BPF \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 BPF \u63a5\u53e3\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230 BPF \u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7801\u8dd1\u5728\u5185\u6838\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u662f\u6709\u98ce\u9669\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u6838\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7801\u8dd1\u5728\u5185\u6838\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5148\u505a\u4e00\u5c42\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>BPF\u67b6\u6784\uff1a<\/h6>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BPF.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-7956\" src=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BPF-1024x503.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"307\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BPF-1024x503.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BPF-300x147.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BPF-768x377.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BPF-1536x754.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BPF-624x306.jpeg 624w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/BPF.jpeg 1776w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>BPF\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u800c\u521b\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5347\u7ea7\u5185\u6838\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9kernel\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u60c5\u51b5\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3001\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f eBPF<\/h4>\n<p data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">eBPF\uff08extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8eBPF\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u6838\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5176\u6269\u5145\u4e86 BPF \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee5\u524d\u7684 BPF \u53d8\u6210 cBPF\uff08 classic BPF\uff09\u3002\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5982\u6620\u5c04\u548c\u5c3e\u8c03\u7528tail call\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b0\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 JIT \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e5f\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u4e86\u3002\u65b0\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6bd4 cBPF \u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u539f\u751f\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6302\u94a9\u70b9\uff0ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u67d0\u4e9b\u6302\u94a9\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u5230\u6302\u94a9\u70b9\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u6267\u884ceBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97eBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u518d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">\u6302\u94a9\u70b9\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c01\u5305\u5230\u8fbe<\/li>\n<li>Kprobes \/ Uprobes<\/li>\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/li>\n<li>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5165\u53e3\/\u9000\u51fa\u70b9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76d1\u63a7\uff1aBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u9644\u7740\u5230\u63a2\u9488\uff08kprobe\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff08\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u5916\uff0ceBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9644\u52a0\u5230 tc\uff08Linux \u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177\uff09\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u6216\u8005\u51fa\u7ad9\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u5f88\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u5305\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5929\u5730\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6>eBPF \u67b6\u6784\uff1a<\/h6>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/ebpf.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-7952\" src=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/ebpf-1024x593.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/ebpf-1024x593.png 1024w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/ebpf-300x174.png 300w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/ebpf-768x445.png 768w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/ebpf-624x361.png 624w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/ebpf.png 1198w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">\u5982\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c eBPF \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u903b\u8f91\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">\n<li>\n<section>BPF Program \u901a\u8fc7 LLVM\/Clang \u7f16\u8bd1\u6210 eBPF \u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801 prog.bpf\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section>\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 bpf() \u5c06 bpf \u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6307\u4ee4\u4f20\u5165\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section>\u7ecf\u8fc7 verifier \u68c0\u9a8c\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section>\u5728\u786e\u8ba4\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5b89\u5168\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u52a0\u8f7d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 Helper\/hook \u673a\u5236\uff0ceBPF \u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\/\u903b\u8f91\u3002BPF \u89c2\u6d4b\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f kprobes\/uprobes\/tracepoint\/perf_events \u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/section>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">\n<li>\n<section><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">kprobes\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002kprobes \u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5230 Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5165\u53e3\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a ABI \u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u53d8\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5931\u6548\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u7b26\u53f7 \/proc\/kallsyms\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section>uprobes\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002\u4e0e kprobes \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">tracepoints\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u9759\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002tracepoints \u662f\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u8ddf\u8e2a\u70b9\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684 ABI \u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u7814\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u573a\u666f\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u9650\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">perf_events\uff1a\u5b9a\u65f6\u91c7\u6837\u548c PMC\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section>\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7 BPF map \u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/section>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">\n<li>BPF Maps\u4ee5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u7684Blob\uff08\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u636e\uff09\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6700\u591a64\u4e2aMap\uff0c\u591a\u4e2aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00Map\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<section><\/section>\n<p data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">eBPF \u5206\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u6709 2 \u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">\n<li>\n<section>BPF map\uff1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u6458\u8981\u6570\u636e<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section>perf-event\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u83b7\u53d6\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u6d4b\u6570\u636e<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c31\u662feBPF\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5347\u7ea7linux\u5185\u6838\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ee3\u7801\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u7b26\u53f7\/\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7b49\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u91c7\u96c6\u7b49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u6682\u5b58\u5728bpf maps\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531reader\u8bfb\u53d6\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u843d\u76d8\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\u4e8c\u3001eBPF\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u80fd\u529b<\/h1>\n<h4>1. eBPF \u4e3b\u8981\u80fd\u529b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>kprobe\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u63d2\u63a2\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\u524d\u6216\u540e\u6267\u884c\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>kretprobe\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u63d2\u63a2\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>tracepoint\uff1a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u8ddf\u8e2a\u70b9\u5904\u6267\u884c\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>tracepoint_return\uff1a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u70b9\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u8ddf\u8e2a\u70b9\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>raw_tracepoint\uff1a\u539f\u59cb\u8ddf\u8e2a\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u539f\u59cb\u8ddf\u8e2a\u70b9\u5904\u6267\u884c\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>raw_tracepoint_return\uff1a\u539f\u59cb\u8ddf\u8e2a\u70b9\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u6838\u539f\u59cb\u8ddf\u8e2a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>xdp\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u62e6\u622a\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<li>perf_event\uff1a\u6027\u80fd\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5185\u6838\u6027\u80fd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. eBPF\u4e0e\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u5199\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h4>\n<section data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">\n<table style=\"height: 439px;\" width=\"692\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/th>\n<th>Linux \u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757<\/th>\n<th>eBPF<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>kprobes\/tracepoints<\/td>\n<td>\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<td>\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6216\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u6838 Panic<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u5185\u6838\u5b89\u5168<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u5185\u6838\u51fd\u6570<\/td>\n<td>\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 BPF Helper \u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7f16\u8bd1\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>\n<td>\u57fa\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>\n<td>\u57fa\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a ABI \u7684 BPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5404\u5904\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ea4\u4e92<\/td>\n<td>\u6253\u5370\u65e5\u5fd7\u6216\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u8fc7 perf_event \u6216 map \u7ed3\u6784<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027<\/td>\n<td>\u4e00\u822c<\/td>\n<td>\u4e30\u5bcc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5165\u95e8\u95e8\u69db<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8<\/td>\n<td>\u4f4e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5347\u7ea7<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u8981\u5378\u8f7d\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65ad<\/td>\n<td>\u539f\u5b50\u66ff\u6362\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65ad<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u6838\u5185\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td>\u89c6\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5b9a<\/td>\n<td>\u5185\u6838\u5185\u7f6e\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/section>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1>\u4e09\u3001eBPF\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h1>\n<p data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">eBPF \u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1aBCC\u3001BPFTrace\u3001libbpf C\/C++ Library\u3001eBPF GO library \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">\u66f4\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4f7f\u7528 eBPF \u53d7\u9650\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u7f16\u5199 BPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 LLVM clang \u7f16\u8bd1\u6210 BPF \u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4e0a\u624b\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u95e8\u69db\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e BPF \u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7f16\u5199\u89e3\u51b3\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u9047\u5230\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">BCC \u4f5c\u4e3a BPF \u7684\u524d\u7aef\uff0c\u5728\u89c2\u6d4b\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u8bf8\u591a\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7bb1\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u800clibbpf C\/C++ library\u5219\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u5145\u5f53 BPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4f4d BPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u6620\u5c04\u548c\u94a9\u5b50\u3002libbpf\u5141\u8bb8\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7f6e\u7684vmheader\u517c\u5bb9\u591a\u79cd\u5185\u6838\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u6b21\u5230\u5904\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cfBCC\u90a3\u6837\u5d4c\u5165LLVM\/Clang\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5e76\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\uff09\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u9762\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5b83\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\">\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>BCC\uff08BPF Compiler Collection\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u9636\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u91c7\u7528 Python\u3001C++ \u548c Lua \u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1 BPF \u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5185\u6838\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u5de5\u5177\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cfCPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u7f16\u8bd1BPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e BPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bb8\u591a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>libbpf + BPF CO-RE\uff08Compile Once \u2013 Run Everywhere\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u9762\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff08BPF CO-RE\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\u7ea6\u4e3abcc-python\u76841\/10\uff09\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u4efb\u52a1<\/li>\n<li>\u5b83\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u73af\u5883<\/li>\n<li>\u4eceBCC\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230Libbpf\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1. bcc-tools<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 BCC \u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u5185\u7f6e\u975e\u5e38\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u6211\u4eec\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bcc-bpf-tools.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-7984\" src=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bcc-bpf-tools-1024x723.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"441\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bcc-bpf-tools-1024x723.png 1024w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bcc-bpf-tools-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bcc-bpf-tools-768x543.png 768w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bcc-bpf-tools-1536x1085.png 1536w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bcc-bpf-tools-2048x1447.png 2048w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/bcc-bpf-tools-624x441.png 624w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 BCC \u5de5\u5177\u6765\u4ecb\u7ecd\u600e\u4e48\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a eBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e eBPF \u5bf9\u5185\u6838\u7684\u7248\u672c\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5185\u6838\u5bf9 eBPF \u7684\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 eBPF \u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5185\u6838\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4f7f\u7528 Ubuntu 20.04.6\uff08\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u4e3a5.15.0\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>1.1 \u5b89\u88c5bcc-tools<\/h6>\n<p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5Ubuntu20.04\u4f7f\u7528apt\u5b89\u88c5\u7684bpfcc-tools\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u91c7\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/iovisor\/bcc\/blob\/master\/INSTALL.md#ubuntu---source\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6e90\u7801\u5b89\u88c5<\/a>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pure-highlightjs\"><code class=\"\"># \u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56 For Focal (20.04.1 LTS)\r\nsudo apt install -y zip bison build-essential cmake flex git libedit-dev  libllvm12 llvm-12-dev libclang-12-dev python zlib1g-dev libelf-dev libfl-dev python3-setuptools liblzma-dev arping netperf iperf\r\n# clang13\r\nvim \/etc\/apt\/sources.list\r\n  deb http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ focal-proposed universe\r\nsudo apt-get update\r\nsudo apt-get install clang clang-13 libclang-13-dev\r\ncd \/usr\/bin\r\nsudo ln -sf ..\/lib\/llvm-13\/bin\/clang clang\r\nsudo ln -sf ..\/lib\/llvm-13\/bin\/clang++ clang++\r\nsudo ln -sf ..\/lib\/llvm-13\/bin\/clang-format clang-format\r\nsudo ln -sf llvm-strip-13 llvm-strip\r\nexport LLVM_ROOT=\/usr\/lib\/llvm-13\r\n\r\n# \u7f16\u8bd1bcc\r\ngit clone https:\/\/github.com\/iovisor\/bcc.git\r\nmkdir bcc\/build; cd bcc\/build\r\ncmake ..\r\nmake\r\nsudo make install\r\ncmake -DPYTHON_CMD=python3 ..     # build python3 binding\r\npushd src\/python\/\r\nmake\r\nsudo make install\r\npopd<\/code><\/pre>\n<h6>1.2 \u7f16\u5199\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aeBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h6>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 BCC \u7f16\u5199 eBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol class=\"list-paddingleft-1\">\n<li>\n<section>\u4f7f\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199 \u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684 eBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<section>\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u7f16\u5199\u52a0\u8f7d\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6001\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/section>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a LLVM\/Clang \u53ea\u652f\u6301\u5c06 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210 eBPF \u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5c06 Python \u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210 eBPF \u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0ceBPF \u5185\u6838\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u3002\u800c eBPF \u7684\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u7b80\u5316\u7f16\u5199\u96be\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u7f16\u5199 eBPF \u5185\u6838\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>a. \u4f7f\u7528 C \u7f16\u5199 eBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n<pre><code>vim hello.c\r\n\r\nint hello_ebpf(void *ctx)\r\n{\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0bpf_trace_printk(\"Hello, eBPF!\"); \/\/ \u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u8f93\u51fa\u5230trace_pipe(\/sys\/kernel\/debug\/tracing\/trace_pipe)\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return 0;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>b. \u4f7f\u7528 Python \u548c BCC \u5de5\u5177\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n<pre><code>vim hello.py\u00a0\r\n\r\n#!\/usr\/bin\/env python3\r\n\r\n# \u5bfc\u5165\u4e86 BCC \u5e93\u7684 BPF \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8c03\u7528\r\nfrom bcc import BPF\r\n\r\n# \u8c03\u7528 BPF() \u51fd\u6570\u52a0\u8f7d eBPF \u5185\u6838\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199\u7684hello.c\uff09\r\nb = BPF(src_file=\"hello.c\")\r\n\r\n# \u5c06 eBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u63a2\u9488\uff08\u7b80\u79f0 kprobe\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u00a0do_sys_openat2()\u00a0\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u00a0openat() \u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\r\nb.attach_kprobe(event=\"do_sys_openat2\", fn_name=\"hello_ebpf\")\r\n\r\n# \u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6\/sys\/kernel\/debug\/tracing\/trace_pipe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff08bpf_trace_printk()\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\r\nb.trace_print()\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>c. \u8fd0\u884c eBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u6267\u884c\u5b83\u4e86\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0ceBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u00a0<code>root<\/code>\u00a0\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>$ sudo python3 hello.py \r\nb' &lt;...&gt;-40799 [003] d...1 120070.935621: bpf_trace_printk: Hello, eBPF!'\r\nb' &lt;...&gt;-26273 [004] d...1 120071.218366: bpf_trace_printk: Hello, eBPF!'\r\nb' &lt;...&gt;-386 [005] d...1 120072.792249: bpf_trace_printk: Hello, eBPF!'\r\nb' &lt;...&gt;-386 [005] d...1 120072.792364: bpf_trace_printk: Hello, eBPF!'\r\nb' &lt;...&gt;-386 [005] d...1 120072.792416: bpf_trace_printk: Hello, eBPF!'\r\n...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/hello-ebpf.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7975\" src=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/hello-ebpf.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"785\" height=\"487\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/hello-ebpf.png 785w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/hello-ebpf-300x186.png 300w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/hello-ebpf-768x476.png 768w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/hello-ebpf-624x387.png 624w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 785px) 100vw, 785px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u5f00\u53d1\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a eBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5927\u6982\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u4f7f\u7528 BCC \u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a eBPF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. libbpf-tools<\/h4>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4f7f\u7528bcc\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0cBPF\u7a0b\u5e8fhello.c\u662f\u5728hello.py\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u73b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6765\u8bf4\u5e76\u4e0d\u53cb\u597d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528libbpf\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e libbpf C\/C++ library \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u67b6\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/libbpf.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7998\" src=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/libbpf.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"847\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/libbpf.png 847w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/libbpf-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/libbpf-768x403.png 768w, https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/libbpf-624x327.png 624w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 847px) 100vw, 847px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h6>2.1 \u5b89\u88c5libbpf-tools<\/h6>\n<p>libbpf+ BPF CO-RE\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c06 Clang\/LLVM \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u4f7f\u7528BTF\u7c7b\u578b\u4fe1\u606f\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u5185\u6838\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc\u91c7\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/iovisor\/bcc\/blob\/master\/INSTALL.md#ubuntu---source\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6e90\u7801\u5b89\u88c5<\/a>\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pure-highlightjs\"><code class=\"\"># \u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\r\nsudo apt install -y make gcc libssl-dev bc gcc-multilib libncurses5-dev strace tar build-essential pkg-config libmnl-dev bison flex graphviz\r\nsudo apt install -y clang llvm libelf-dev libcap-dev libbfd-dev bpfcc-tools cargo linux-headers-$(uname -r) \r\n\r\n# \u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u6838\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301btf\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5373\u8868\u793a\u652f\u6301\uff09\r\nls -la \/sys\/kernel\/btf\/vmlinux\r\n\r\n# \u7f16\u8bd1bpftool+libbpf\r\ncd ~\/project\r\n# git clone --recurse-submodules https:\/\/github.com\/libbpf\/bpftool.git\r\ngit clone https:\/\/github.com\/yanjingang\/libbpf-demo\r\ncd ~\/project\/libbpf-demo\r\ngit submodule update --init --recursive\r\ncd bpftool\/src\/\r\nmake -j8\r\nsudo make install\r\n\r\n# libbpf+bpftool\u811a\u624b\u67b6\u793a\u4f8b\r\ncd ~\/project\/libbpf-demo\/examples\/c\r\nmkdir -p build &amp;&amp; cd build\r\ncmake ..\r\nmake -j8\r\nsudo .\/bootstrap\r\n    TIME EVENT COMM PID PPID FILENAME\/EXIT CODE\r\n    18:45:05 EXIT vim 68519 27493 [0]\r\n    18:45:05 EXEC tracker-store 70267 25245 \/usr\/libexec\/tracker-store\r\n    18:45:08 EXEC ls 70273 27493 \/usr\/bin\/ls\r\n    18:45:08 EXIT ls 70273 27493 [0] (3ms)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h6>2.2 \u4f7f\u7528libbpf + bpftool\u7f16\u5199eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h6>\n<p>\u7f16\u5199eBPF\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pure-highlightjs\"><code class=\"\">vim hello.bpf.c\r\n\r\n#include \"vmlinux.h\"\r\n#include &lt;bpf\/bpf_helpers.h&gt;\r\n#include &lt;bpf\/bpf_tracing.h&gt;\r\n#include &lt;bpf\/bpf_core_read.h&gt;\r\n\r\nchar LICENSE[] SEC(\"license\") = \"Dual BSD\/GPL\";\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528SEC\u5b8f\u628a\u4e0b\u65b9\u51fd\u6570\u63d2\u5165\u5230openant\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5165\u53e3\u6267\u884c\r\nSEC(\"kprobe\/do_sys_openat2\") \r\nint BPF_KPROBE(do_sys_openat2, int dfd, struct filename *name)\r\n{\r\n\tpid_t pid;\r\n\tpid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid() &gt;&gt; 32;\r\n<code>\t\/\/ \u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u8f93\u51fa\u5230trace_pipe(\/sys\/kernel\/debug\/tracing\/trace_pipe)<\/code> bpf_printk(\"Hello eBPF! kprobe entry pid = %d\\n\", pid); return 0; } <\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7f16\u5199eBPF loader\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pure-highlightjs\"><code class=\"\">vim hello.c\r\n\r\n#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\r\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\r\n#include &lt;signal.h&gt;\r\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;\r\n#include &lt;errno.h&gt;\r\n#include &lt;sys\/resource.h&gt;\r\n#include &lt;bpf\/libbpf.h&gt;\r\n#include \"hello.skel.h\"\r\n\r\nstatic int libbpf_print_fn(enum libbpf_print_level level, const char *format, va_list args)\r\n{\r\n\treturn vfprintf(stderr, format, args);\r\n}\r\n\r\nstatic volatile sig_atomic_t stop;\r\n\r\nvoid sig_int(int signo)\r\n{\r\n\tstop = 1;\r\n}\r\n\r\nint main(int argc, char **argv)\r\n{\r\n\tstruct hello_bpf *skel;\r\n\tint err;\r\n\r\n\t\/* \u8bbe\u7f6e libbpf \u9519\u8bef\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u56de\u8c03 *\/\r\n\tlibbpf_set_print(libbpf_print_fn);\r\n\r\n\t\/* \u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1 hello.bpf.c \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f *\/\r\n\tskel = hello_bpf__open_and_load();\r\n\tif (!skel) {\r\n\t\tfprintf(stderr, \"Failed to open BPF skeleton\\n\");\r\n\t\treturn 1;\r\n\t}\r\n\r\n\t\/* \u9644\u52a0 hello.bpf.c \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5230\u8ddf\u8e2a\u70b9 *\/\r\n\terr = hello_bpf__attach(skel);\r\n\tif (err) {\r\n\t\tfprintf(stderr, \"Failed to attach BPF skeleton\\n\");\r\n\t\tgoto cleanup;\r\n\t}\r\n\tif (signal(SIGINT, sig_int) == SIG_ERR) {\r\n\t\tfprintf(stderr, \"can't set signal handler: %s\\n\", strerror(errno));\r\n\t\tgoto cleanup;\r\n\t}\r\n\tprintf(\"Successfully started! Please run `sudo cat \/sys\/kernel\/debug\/tracing\/trace_pipe` \"\r\n\t       \"to see output of the BPF programs.\\n\");\r\n\twhile (!stop) {\r\n\t\tfprintf(stderr, \".\");\r\n\t\tsleep(1);\r\n\t}\r\n\r\ncleanup:\r\n\thello_bpf__destroy(skel);\r\n\treturn -err;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pure-highlightjs\"><code class=\"\"># \u7f16\u8bd1\r\ncmake .. \r\nmake -j8\r\n\r\n# \u6d4b\u8bd5\r\nsudo .\/hello\r\n\r\n# \u67e5\u770b\u8f93\u51fa\r\nsudo cat \/sys\/kernel\/debug\/tracing\/trace_pipe\r\n    gsd-housekeepin-25624 [000] d...1 204926.010969: bpf_trace_printk: Hello eBPF! kprobe entry pid = 25624\r\n    ThreadPoolForeg-26248 [011] d...1 204907.802283: bpf_trace_printk: Hello eBPF! kprobe entry pid = 26222\r\n            thermald-1099 [000] d...1 204907.821950: bpf_trace_printk: Hello eBPF! kprobe entry pid = 877\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u57fa\u4e8ekprobe openat\u76d1\u542c\u5c31\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u5148\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6211\u5c06\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u8d77\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0b\u9644\u7740\u70b9\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6216\u7528\u6237\u5c42\u51fd\u6570\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\u56db\u3001\u5176\u4ed6<\/h1>\n<h4>1. \u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898<\/h4>\n<h6>1.1 bcc: sudo python3 hello.py \u62a5 AttributeError: \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libbcc.so.0: undefined symbol: bpf_module_create_b<\/h6>\n<p>\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pure-highlightjs\"><code class=\"\"># \u67e5\u770b\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7b26\u53f7\u7684so\u6587\u4ef6\r\n$ ls -lh \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/ |grep libbcc.so\r\nlrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    11 Nov  2 21:17 libbcc.so -&gt; libbcc.so.0\r\nlrwxrwxrwx  1 root root    16 Nov  2 21:17 libbcc.so.0 -&gt; libbcc.so.0.28.0\r\n-rw-r--r--  1 root root   58M Feb  7  2020 libbcc.so.0.12.0\r\n-rw-r--r--  1 root root  102M Nov  2 21:12 libbcc.so.0.28.0\r\n\r\n# \u68c0\u67e5\u7b26\u53f7\r\n$ strings \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libbcc.so.0.28.0 |grep bpf_module_create_\r\nbpf_module_create_c\r\nbpf_module_create_c_from_string\r\nbpf_module_create_c.cold\r\nbpf_module_create_c_from_string.cold\r\nbpf_module_create_c\r\nbpf_module_create_c_from_string\r\n\r\n# \u65e7\u7248so\u91cc\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\uff08python3 bcc\u5e93\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684so\u600e\u4e48\u662f\u65e7\u7248\u672c\uff1f\uff09\r\n$ strings \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libbcc.so.0.12.0 |grep bpf_module_create_\r\nbpf_module_create_b\r\nbpf_module_create_c\r\nbpf_module_create_c_from_string\r\n\r\n# \u786e\u8ba4\u4e0bpython3 bcc\u5e93\u7adf\u7136\u90fd\u662f20\u5e74\u7684\uff08\u8bf4\u660epython3\u7684bcc\u5e93\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u6b63\u5e38\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\r\n$ ll \/usr\/lib\/python3\/dist-packages\/bcc\/\r\ntotal 188\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11728 Feb 7 2020 libbcc.py\r\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"pure-highlightjs\"><code class=\"\"># \u624b\u52a8\u628abcc build\u4ea7\u51fa\u91cc\u7684python3\u5e93\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230python3 dist-packages\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u540e\u89e3\u51b3 \r\nsudo cp -r \/home\/work\/project\/bcc\/build\/src\/python\/bcc-python3\/bcc\/* \/usr\/lib\/python3\/dist-packages\/bcc\/<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>yan 23.11.3<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/brendangregg\/linux-bpf-superpowers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Linux BPF Superpowers<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/vh21\/meet-cutebetweenebpfandtracing\">Meet cute-between-ebpf-and-tracing<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/21cnbao\/article\/details\/95585483\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3 Linux eBPF\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u9605\u8bfb\u6e05\u5355<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.qinglite.cn\/doc\/35126477844075ba4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4e00\u6587\u770b\u61c2eBPF<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/iovisor\/bcc\">BCC &#8211; Tools for BPF-based Linux IO analysis, networking, monitoring, and more<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.airplane.dev\/blog\/libbpf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Libbpf: a beginner&#8217;s guide<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pingcap.com\/blog\/why-we-switched-from-bcc-to-libbpf-for-linux-bpf-performance-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Why We Switched from bcc-tools to libbpf-tools for Linux BPF Performance Analysis<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.gmem.cc\/ebpf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">eBPF\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>eBPF\uff08extended Berkeley Packet Filter\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13 Li [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1317],"tags":[1319,877,1318,1320],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7946"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7946"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7946\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8061,"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7946\/revisions\/8061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7946"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7946"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yanjingang.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7946"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}